Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, commonly referred to as BPPV, is a vestibular disorder that causes vertigo. It occurs when calcium deposits in the inner ear become dislodged from the otolithic membrane and settle in the semicircular canals. Any change in the position of the head causes these tiny crystals to shift, triggering dizziness.
What Causes BPPV?
It isn’t always known what causes these calcium deposits to break loose, though this is commonly the result of a head injury, inner ear infection, damage from ear surgery or prolonged back position associated with bed rest. Migraines might also play a role. Older patients are susceptible to degeneration of the otolithic membrane related to normal aging.
What Are the Symptoms of BPPV?
BPPV is the most common cause of vertigo. The episodes of vertigo may be severe, but usually lasts for less than a minute. Other symptoms include dizziness or lightheadedness, loss of balance, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting and concentration difficulties.
How Is BPPV Treated?
If you are experiencing dizziness and unexplained episodes of vertigo, your doctor will administer tests to determine what is causing your symptoms. A diagnostic physical exam evaluates eye movements in response to specific head movements.
An additional test, such as videonystagmography (VNG) may be used to detect dizziness. It utilizes small cameras to record your eye movements.
Fortunately, BPPV is one of the more easily treatable disorders. The standard approach involves a pattern of head movements used to move the calcium particle from the semicircular canal back to where it won’t bother you. Called Canalith Repositioning Procedure (CRP) or Epley maneuver, this simple procedure takes about five minutes and relieves symptoms in more than 85 percent of patients.
Call Spartanburg | Greer ENT & Allergy at (864) 582-2900 for more information or to schedule an appointment.
